Solving Business Problems Through The Creative Power of The Arts

Question: Recognize and assess Unilevers authoritative structure preceding 1996. For what reason did Unilever change from this structure in 1996? Distinguish and assess the adequacy of the new authoritative structure that Unilever has embraced (from 2004), in accomplishing their corporate methodology. Portray the interior and outside powers that could have made the requirement for Unilever to change its hierarchical structure.) Authoritative change is one of the most tireless, unavoidable, and incredible difficulties that directors face today (Hitt et al, 2008). Utilizing appropriate change speculations, portray how supervisors at Unilever could execute the change distinguished for the situation study. Answer: Arrangement 1 Unilever is a worldwide organization set up by Margarine Uni (Dutch) and Lever Brothers (British) in the year 1930. Consequently, it came to be known as Unilever. Each association has an alternate administration structure which is most appropriate and works productively by giving great outcomes. Unilever was additionally progressing admirably and had a decentralized structure. It is a sort of structure where the force and authority is moved from the focal unit to the nearby undertakings (Weingardt, 1971). On account of Unilever, they too had differentiated the force and power to the auxiliary units. The auxiliary units of various nations were responsible for their own market. In Europe, Unilever had 17 auxiliary units in various nations. They were freely answerable for the creation, deals, dissemination through their own gracefully chains and promoting of the item (Williamson and Wilson, 1970). The items were additionally tweaked according to the need and necessities of the nearby market. The auxiliary units had the autonomy to coordinate the items according to the interest of that specific territory. The supervisors were likewise privately enrolled to comprehend the need and request of clients. This kind of the decentralized structure worked till 1996, when the organization at long last dissected the urgent need to change the structure (Weingardt, 1971). There were a few purposes for this choice taken by the association. Some of them are: Significant expense included This sort of structure was costing intensely to the associations. Expanding rivalry There were more rivals in the market and the organization couldn't handle the opposition on a worldwide scale with its auxiliaries being free elements Decentralized units of production This sort of assembling divisions further expanded the expense and it was hard to support with them. Subsequently, the organization chose to have a unified assembling division for specific items. This would spare the expense of setting of assembling plants for every auxiliary unit (Brinkmann, 1985). Worldwide development Up till now, the organization had 17 auxiliaries in Europen nations and needed to additionally grow their business in different landmasses. This sort of structure would have additionally created turmoil and absence of vision (Rath, 1982). Falling costs of offers in the market The organization was likewise stressed over the falling costs of offers. This was making a negative picture for the organization. Straightforwardness in dynamic Since there was no single head and every element were free, it was hard to take any choices. Encourage coordination The organization additionally needed to have an improved coordination among its auxiliaries. Every one was going about as a solitary unit and subsequently coordination and backing were inadequate. Loss of brand acknowledgment There were such a large number of items propelled in the market according to necessities for each individual market. Subsequently, there was loss of personality. These were a portion of the reasons that constrained Unilever to change its authoritative structure. Arrangement 2 In spite of the authoritative rebuilding, Unilever was still to accomplish the ideal outcomes. The contenders were all the while having a high ground and Unilever couldn't remain with them (Mullins, L.J. 2010),. Consequently, it chose to experience another rebuilding. In spite of the fact that it's anything but a simple choice for any association, yet Unilever will undoubtedly do as such (Mizera, 2012). A portion of the significant changes that occurred during this rebuilding were: Chop down the brands The organization chose to shrivel its number of brands so it can concentrate and focus on constrained items. At first, Unilever was selling around 1600 brands which were scaled back to only 400. These cut back items were advertised deliberately on a worldwide scale. Decrease in assembling units After diminishing the quantity of brands the organization likewise cut back the quantity of assembling units. They were diminished from around 380 plants to only 280 plants. Item division The whole Unilevers item contributions were isolated in only two significant divisions. They were: Food Home and individual consideration This helped the association in appropriate coordination and the board. Presently, the food division was just liable for their scope of brands and the other way around. They needed to concentrate on each viewpoint like item advancement, item assembling and item promoting of their brands. There was an appropriate division of work and henceforth better core interest. For instance Unilever Bestfoods which is situated in Europe with headquarter in Rotterdam, was just dealing with food division, be that as it may, its home and individual consideration division situated in Europe was just worried about its own item extend (Unilever: Rotterdam gets community for advertising and development, 2013). Terminating of workers for a gigantic scope Due to decrease in number of items and assembling units there was an undeniable decrease in the quantity of representatives. Around 20,000 workers were ended diminishing the risk of the organization. Changes in advertising structure Unilever additionally actualized changes in its promoting structure. Presently there were advertising directors for every division. These advertising administrators should direct the brand chiefs. These brand administrators were liable for singular brands and were liable to the showcasing directors. This sort of showcasing structure helped in concentrating on every single brand. Every one of these activities taken by Unilever helped in concentrating it on brand acknowledgment for some items and helped them hold their image esteem. Likewise the bifurcation of items under two divisions helped in key arranging and usage. Decrease in assembling units and subsequently workers brought about sparing a great deal of cost to the organization. The adjustment in advertising structure in the association helped the organization to concentrate on every single item. Arrangement 3 There were a few factors that left no alternative for Unilever however to change its authoritative structure. There were a few inner just as outside variables. The inner elements were inside the association, anyway outer elements were from outside the association. Inward Factors Assignment of power There was no satisfactory assignment of power. The auxiliary units were free chiefs. They had their own arranging and structure as indicated by which they acted. The focal restricting power was missing and thus that prompted the lacking division of intensity. Expanding costs The high increasing expenses were another danger to the association. Having separate assembling units for each auxiliary had a tremendous cost engaged with it. Absence of regular vision Due to auxiliary units being free, there was an absence of basic vision and core interest. Encourage coordination The absence of coordination among auxiliary units was likewise a significant explanation behind the authoritative change. Outer Factors Developing Competition The expanding number of contenders was turning into a danger to the organization. The contenders were slowly expanding their pieces of the overall industry. This opposition was for marked items, yet in addition non marked items had expanded essentially in the market. Worldwide extension The organization was arranging a worldwide development. Till now the organization was just restricted to European nations with its 17 auxiliaries. With the current hierarchical structure, it was impractical to grow internationally. There was an absence of normal goal and vision in this sort of decentralized structure. Absence of brand acknowledgment Due to customization of items at all units there was no brand personality. This was causing the absence of brand acknowledgment and thus making an issue for the organization. An excessive number of brands There were such a large number of brands for a solitary item go. Henceforth it was getting hard to actualize the promoting and publicizing techniques. Later on, these brands were decreased from 1600 to 400. Arrangement 4 There are a few difficulties for chiefs at the hour of the authoritative changes. These difficulties can be on different fronts. It is exceptionally vital for supervisors to deal with these adjustments in a productive way since change isn't handily acknowledged by human attitude. People don't acknowledge change effectively and consequently it is hard to set them up for it. It turns out to be significantly harder if the change occurs in an association and there comes the test to the chief. There are three hypotheses of progress that administrators can execute in associations. They are: The Kurt Lewin Change Management model This hypothesis works in three phases. These three phases are freeze, change and refreeze. The principal stage freeze is tied in with preparing for the change. All the vital changes to be done are assessed. At that point comes the second stage the change. At this stage, the genuine change occurs. At that point is the last stage, which is refreeze (Burnes, 2004). This stage is otherwise called unfreeze. In this stage, workers acclimate to the progressions that have occurred. This hypothesis could have likewise been applied at Unilever. The workers ought to have been given sufficient and well-suited exercises on inspiration before the change. This would have arranged the representatives for the adjustment in the freeze stage. In the second stage the hierarchical change happens. Correspondence and inspiration are significant dad

Coopers Creek And The New Zealand Industry Essay

Coopers Creek And The New Zealand Industry - Essay Example Key capacities are perceived as the most imperative assets and abilities of an association that will assist it with prospering and get by in this serious market in the coming period. With the assistance of these underlining assets, the notoriety and profitability of the association upgrades its situation in the market among different contenders. Also, these assets go about as the foundation of an association based on which the net benefit and incomes get upgraded altogether. Thus, these techniques are significant for any association, independent of size and area (Reid, 195, pp. 357-378). The assets may be both substantial and elusive in nature and the aptitudes just as the skills of the workers would likewise differ starting with one association then onto the next. Be that as it may, every one of them are valuable in improving the net yield of the association. Consequently, utilizing VRIN explanatory instrument, the vital capacities of Coopers Creek may be assessed. VRIN represents e steem, irregularity, in-imitable and non-substitutable (Teece, 2009, p. 367-389). Investigation and Discussion Analysis of the outer condition of Coopers Creek by Porter’s five powers modelThe industry of wine is very serious because of the nearness of various wine players. Since rivalry is very obvious, the intensity of purchasers is incredibly high in this industry when contrasted with others. The prime reason behind such intensity is that the clients are allowed to choose any sort of brand thus the pace of switch over expense is very high in this industry. .... In any case, every one of them are valuable in upgrading the net yield of the association. In this way, utilizing VRIN logical instrument, the key abilities of Coopers Creek may be assessed. VRIN represents esteem, irregularity, in-imitable and non-substitutable (Teece, 2009, p. 367-389). Examination and Discussion Analysis of the outside condition of Coopers Creek by Porter’s five powers model The business of wine is amazingly serious because of the nearness of various wine players. Since rivalry is very apparent, the intensity of purchasers is incredibly high in this industry when contrasted with others. The prime reason behind such intensity is that the clients are allowed to choose any kind of brand thus the pace of switch over expense is very high in this industry. In this way, it is amazingly hard for a particular brand to hold the comparable arrangement of market worth and offer for a since a long time ago run (Walder, 2013, p. 234-267). Be that as it may, it may be con ceivable to hold and keep up a supporting pool of clients, just if the player attempts to present inventive kinds of product offerings with marvelous tastes and relishes. This may help the market players to draw in enormous number of clients towards its items accordingly intensifying its image picture and value in the market among others. One next to the other, the notoriety of that particular brand may likewise get upgraded among numerous different players. Then again, the costs of the items likewise assume an essential job in this industry thus it should be balanced by the contender costs in order to stay serious in the market. Something else, the brand or the player probably won't have the option to hold its image worth and overall revenue among others. The intensity of the providers in this industry

5 Tips to Help You Ask Family and Friends for Financial Help - OppLoans

5 Tips to Help You Ask Family and Friends for Financial Help - OppLoans 5 Tips to Help You Ask Family and Friends for Financial Help 5 Tips to Help You Ask Family and Friends for Financial HelpAsking for financial assistance from friends and family might be uncomfortable, but its a much better option than turning to a short-term no credit check loan.Most people hate asking for help and wait until they are desperate to make any direct requests for financial assistance. That’s how they end up relying on short-term bad no credit check loans that can drive them into a dangerous cycle of debt.While you don’t want to make a habit of it, asking friends and family for money during a one-off time of financial need is far preferable to the high-cost alternative.In this article, we’ll lay out some of the dangers of relying on short-term bad credit loans and also offer tips for borrowing money from friends and familyâ€"plus some longer term advice to make sure this one-off instance stays a one-off.Avoid payday loans.If you’ve ever wanted to avoid admitting your financial situation to friends and family, you’ve proba bly been tempted to borrow money from a payday lender instead.Payday loans are advertised as providing fast cash for people with bad credit, but it’s easy to rack up debt once you’ve taken out one of these risky loans.The average APR on payday cash advances is almost 400 percent, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. And most loans get rolled over or renewed because borrowers are rarely able to pay them back in the time allotted.Asking for help is common.While it may be difficult to ask family and friends for help, you should always consider this option before taking out a payday loan. Friends and family aren’t likely to charge you interest or fees, and they won’t demand repayment within two weeks.With their support, you can pay them back over time, while keeping up with your everyday expenses. Payday loans, on the other hand, can devastate your financial future, eating up more of your income than you can afford.Asking for help is a more common financial str ategy than you might think; more than one-quarter of survey respondents said they offered financial assistance to support the everyday expenses of a person outside their immediate household, according to research from Pew Charitable Trusts. And less than half of higher-income households viewed their financial gift as a burden.If your request is respectful and you demonstrate a repayment plan, you may find that your friend or family member will be happy to helpespecially if your only alternative is a short-term online loan or a trip to your local payday lender.1. Determine your needs. To avoid asking for more or less than you need, write out the exact amount you need and what you need it for.If you can trim your budget or put any of your income towards your own cause, show how you plan to do that, and determine the amount of assistance you’ll be asking for.2. Explain your efforts so far. If you’ve made unsuccessful attempts to help yourself already, explain what you’ve tried, a nd your friends and family will be more likely to assist you.For example, you might explain that you’ve tried to get a second job, asked for a personal loan from a bank, or applied for government assistance.3. Develop a repayment plan. You’re going to feel better about asking for help if you’re not asking for a handout.Develop a repayment plan to illustrate your intent to borrow the money for a specific period of time. Be realistic about how long you’ll need. You can even write out a written loan agreement to make certain that both parties are on the same page.Prepare a budget for your expenses and subtract that amount from your income to get a reasonable monthly payment. Even if it just ends up being a few dollars each month, you’ll know you’re on your way to financial independence.4. Give help in return. While you’re asking for financial assistance, consider offering your free time to help friends and family.If you can’t find a second job to cover your financial ne ed but you have a few hours on the weekend, offer to babysit, clean, cook, or mow the lawn for the person helping you pay your bills.You’ll feel better accepting their help if you can offer something in return.5. Be respectful. Give your friends and family time to consider your request, and leave them with notes about your current needs and your future plans to gain financial independence.Follow up the discussion with a friendly visit that’s not about finances. If you do receive help, find a way to show your gratitude.Finally, make sure to check in frequently to let them know you haven’t forgotten their gift, and you’re on your way to paying it back.Build an emergency fund.While taking out an installment loan or borrowing money from friends and family are both preferable to borrowing a payday or title loan, your best strategy is to have money saved up for unforeseen expenses. In short, your best bet is to have an emergency fund.Unlike long-term savings for retirement, an eme rgency fund should be easily accessible. This means keeping it in cash or in a savings account. When an emergency strikes, you want this money at your fingertips.Ideally, an emergency fund should cover at least three months of living expenses to protect against an unforeseen job loss. But thats a big ask, and aiming for three months right off the bat could be too imposing.Instead, aim for an easily achievable number  like $1,000. The sooner you start saving the sooner you’ll get there. Once you make saving money a top financial priority, you’ll be surprised how quickly your savings will grow.To learn more about how you can build your savings, check out  these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert Tips10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends JealousHow to Separate Your “Wants” from Your “Needs”Do you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |Instagram

Homeschool Stress

Homeschooling is a big responsibility and commitment. It can be stressful, but far too often we homeschooling parents make it more stressful than it has to be.   Are you guilty of stressing out yourself or your kids unnecessarily with any of the following? Expecting Perfection Expecting perfection in yourself or your children is certain to put unnecessary stress on your family. If you’re  transitioning from public school to homeschool, it’s important to remember that it takes time to adjust to your new roles. Even if your children have never  attended a traditional school, transitioning to  formal learning  with young children  requires a period of adjustment. Most veteran homeschooling parents would agree that this period of adjustment can  take 2-4 years. Don’t  expect perfection right out of the gate. You may be caught in the trap of  expecting academic perfection. is a  popular phrase among homeschooling parents. The idea is that you’ll stick with a topic, skill, or concept until it is completely mastered. You may hear homeschooling parents state that their children get straight A’s because they don’t move on until the skill is mastered. There is nothing wrong with that concept  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ in fact, being able to work on a concept until a child fully understands it is one of the benefits of homeschooling. However, expecting 100% from your child all of the time can be frustrating for you both. It doesn’t allow for simple mistakes or an off day. Instead, you may wish to decide on a percentage goal. For example, if your child scores 80% on his paper, he clearly understands the concept and can move on. If there is a certain type of problem that caused a grade less than 100%, spend some time going back over that concept. Otherwise, give yourself and your child the freedom to move on. Trying to Finish All the Books We homeschooling parents are also often guilty of operating under the assumption that we have to complete every single page of every piece of curriculum that we use. Most homeschool curricula contain enough material for a typical 36-week school year, assuming a 5-day school week. This doesn’t account for field trips, co-op, alternative schedules, illness, or a myriad of other factors that could result in not completing the entire book. It’s okay to finish most of the book. If the subject is one that is built on previously-learned concepts, such as math, chances are that the first several lessons of the next level are going to be review. In fact, that’s often one of my kids’ favorite aspects of starting a new math book  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ it seems easy at first because it’s material they’ve already learned. If it’s not a concept-based subject  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ history, for example -  chances are, you’ll come back around to the material again before your kids graduate. If there is material that you feel you simply must cover and you’re clearly not going to have time, you may want to consider skipping around in the book, dropping some of the activities, or covering the material in a different way, such as listening to an audiobook on the topic while running errands or watching an engaging documentary during lunch.​ Homeschooling parents may also be guilty of expecting their child to complete every problem on every page. Most of us can probably remember how happy we were when one of our teachers told us to complete only the odd-numbered problems on the page. We can do that with our children. Comparing Whether you’re comparing your homeschool to your friend’s homeschool (or to the local public school) or your kids to someone else’s kids, the comparison trap puts everyone under unnecessary stress. The problem with comparison is that we tend to compare our worst to someone else’s best. That causes self-doubt as we focus on all the ways we don’t measure up rather than capitalizing on what we’re going well. If we want to produce cookie-cutter kids, what’s the point of homeschooling? We can’t tout individualized instruction as a homeschool benefit, then get upset when our kids aren’t learning exactly what someone else’s kids are learning. When you’re tempted to compare, it helps to look at the comparison objectively. Is this something your child should probably know or be doing?Is it something that would benefit your homeschool?Is it a good fit for your family?Is your child physically, emotionally, or developmentally capable of performing this task or accomplishing this skill? Sometimes, comparing helps us identify skills, concepts, or activities that we would like to incorporate in our homeschools, but if it’s something that doesn’t benefit your family or your student, move on. Don’t let unfair comparisons add stress to your home and school. Not Allowing Your Homeschool to Evolve We may start out as staunchly school-at-home parents, but later learn that  our  educational philosophy is more  in line with Charlotte Mason. We  may  begin  as radical unschoolers  only to discover that our children prefer textbooks. It is not uncommon for a family’s homeschooling style to change over time, becoming more relaxed as they get more comfortable with homeschooling or becoming more structured as their  children grow older. Allowing your homeschool to evolve is normal and positive. Trying to hold on to methods, curricula, or schedules that no longer make sense for your family will likely put undue stress on you all. Homeschooling comes with its own set of stress-inducers. Theres no need to add more to it. Let go of unrealistic expectations and unfair comparisons, and let your homeschool adapt as your family grows and changes.

The Effects Of Sports Injuries On Sports - 2027 Words

Technology in sports has been advancing rapidly all throughout the years. These advancements have allowed sports fans to have an even better experience watching their teams play and compete. Although these advancements like instant replay cameras, goal line technology, and better sportswear have come in to use, there still has not been that much progress in dealing with injuries especially dealing with head injuries like concussions. Sports injuries have been found to occur in approximately 3% of all elementary school students, 7% of all junior high students and 11% of high school students involved in sport- ing activities. Twenty percent of these injuries were considered by medical personnel to be serious. It is well recognized that repetitive head impacts occur in a number of different sports. The sports most frequently cited for repetitive head impact trauma are football and boxing (Janda, David H). It is mainly a big topic discussion in the American Football community because it has been proved that every hit a player takes causes some kind of brain damage. Although the critics mainly focus on the NFL, there is another type of football they have overseen. It otherwise known as soccer in the United States and not as popular as it is all across the world. There also have been a serious of major head injuries in this sport and they have to be addressed because they should be a concern for everyone who plays the sport. Soccer is the world’s most popular team sport in theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sports Injuries On Sports1477 Words   |  6 Pagesparticipating in sports for various reasons, such as for their personal interest, health and fitness, and many more. However, injuries in sports which can result in pain, loss of playing time, as well as medical expenditure can occur too often. 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Roughly 60 million children ages 6 to 18 participate in organized sport activitesRead MoreConcussions : A Concussion As An Immediate And Transient Neural Function Post Traumatic Impairment1627 Words   |  7 Pagesconcussion in sports. However, not all reported loss of consciousness mean it is a concussion. The public mostly associates concussion with sports such as football, ice hockey, and boxing and it is not a major problem in other sports. The assumption is that most of these sports-related traumatic brain injuries that occur are concussions. Sports concussion is a common injury and requires attention as it has major effects such as brain damage. Concussions are health issue common in sports as they haveRead MorePros And Cons Of Tackle Football1161 Words   |  5 PagesYouth tackle football is a popular sport for children today but this sport can have pros and cons. One of the most con troversial sport that a child can play is tackle football. Tackle football is a full contact sport. In any full contact sport, there are risks like concussions, injuries and the lasting effects of those injures. There are also pros in playing this sport like teamwork, sportsmanship, character, and exercise. Youth football can also have psychological pros and cons that can affectRead MoreThe Price of Concussions in Sports1084 Words   |  4 Pagesof brain injuries in the National Football League. The film devotes most of its attention to the story of Mike Webster, who died at the age of fifty as a result of severe brain injuries suffered throughout his playing career. Webster’s story highlights the devastating effect concussions can have in a short timeframe. Because brain injuries are known to develop quickly it is important that the NFL responds quickly to this concussion crisis. The NFL is the most popular professional sports league inRead MoreEffects Of Sports Essay15 77 Words   |  7 Pages If you chose to play sports, is it really worth it? Playing sports, in my opinion, is worth it. A teenager plays to have fun, even try to get a scholarship to go to college for the sport they love, also playing teaches qualities you’ll need for the rest of your life, playing sports can improve your way of life by making a positive impact on your health such as weight, cardiorespiratory health, muscle and bones, and reduced risk of cancer. If you’re involved in a sport, does it have a positive orRead MoreWhat is Sports Medicine? 1332 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Sports Medicine? Well the word says it all; sports medicine is the study and practice of medicine related to the science of sports in the areas of diagnosing and treating sports injuries, injury prevention, and athletic training that includes workouts or exercises and nutrition. In other words, sports medicine is a field of medicine that concentrates exclusively on the injuries resulting from sports such as foo tball, baseball, basketball, and other sports. There are many different kindsRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of A Concussion1312 Words   |  6 PagesConcussion Repercussions Contact sports like football, boxing, wrestling, and hockey have health risks associated with repetitive head trauma that can produce concussions. Players of these types of sports are at a significantly higher risk for developing long-term brain damage and cognitive impairment later in life. A concussion is a subset of a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and results from shaking the brain within the skull. The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (the â€Å"AANS†) has defined

The Most Influential Text is the Bible - 1558 Words

The Bible is widely regarded as perhaps the most influential text in the record of human history. Both Judaism and Christianity hold the Bible in high spiritual regard, due to its function as the basis for these two respective religions. The Bible serves as a single divine anthology, comprised of a series of books that have been meticulously composed by hundreds of authors over hundreds of years (Armstrong, 2007). Over the course of human history, the stories, lessons, and parables found within the Bible have had significant impact on societies all around the world. One of the most pertinent and interesting topics found within the Bible is the concept of leprosy. The Bible mentions leprosy in a variety of places, which include segments from both the Old Testament and the New Testament. From the book of Exodus to the Holy Gospels of Jesus Christ, leprosy is an ever-present aspect of biblical society. The sufferers of leprosy in the Bible often fall under extreme social chastisement an d are commonly subject to segregation from society in accordance with ancient scripture (Leviticus 13.46 New Revised Standard Version). Due to the common mention of leprosy in the Bible, and the somewhat opaque examination of the disease, a number of key concerns have arisen over the period of the modern era. Through the analysis of what biblical leprosy constitutes, its prominence within the Old Testament, and its appearances in the New Testament, readers can more fully understand how biblicalShow MoreRelatedWestern Culture And Its Influence On Modern Culture1235 Words   |  5 Pagesand those institutions that controlled the most power ultimately played the largest role in shaping the western culture seen today. Through analysis of honors texts, the development and reliance on institutions and their influence on shaping western culture can be identified and traced throughout early human history. Beginning in Sumer, the earliest formalized, written example of the creation of an institution can be identified. Using evidence from the text Inanna, the influence of an institutionRead MoreCan Literature Spark Cultural Difference?1185 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluences modern society, and how most of the ideas were spread through some kind of literature form. We see the spark of cultural change through influential works of literature, and these works take the forms of writings, movies, or songs. These forms go on to change the core of culture, so we can see a different world every time. It causes us to be very manipulated by the message it spreads out. Literature does spark cultural change using influential works like the Bible, or the song ‘Fireworks’ by KatyRead MoreChanges Due to English Evolution Affect Integrity of the Bible1705 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol of the Holy Bible without many recorded challenges for more than one thousand years, according to several hi storical documents. Church authorities told church members they could neither read nor interpret the text themselves. The principles clergy taught in church were what churchgoers often believed. Eventually, a high-ranking German monk named Martin Luther challenged church officials in the 16th century and began reading and interpreting the Scriptures. As he studied the Bible, he found manyRead MoreHow does the Bible Influence Political Thought and Action in Our Culture?1166 Words   |  5 PagesHow does the Bible Influence Political Thought and Action in Our Culture? The Bible is a unique book that is different from others because it contains sacred text that has continued to influence societies from generation to generation. Generally, the impact of this sacred book is worldwide since it has affected every department of human activity. The influence of the Bible on society is derived from the fact that it contains various themes that are used to shape the moral progress of the worldRead MoreJudith Sargent Murray s On The Equality Of The Sexes 1408 Words   |  6 Pagesher intellect at a young age and given an education along with her brother. Later in life, she had her written works widely published and read during a time when women’s voices were seen as fundamentally inferior to those of men. In one of her most influential and strongly opinionated works, ‘On the Equality of the Sexes’, Murray makes a strong case for the spiritual and intellectual equality of men and women, arguing that women and men are born equal, but that men are simply given more education andRead MoreMedieval Literature and Poetry Illuminated Manuscripts983 Words   |  4 Pagesmake or have any use for- books. The first of these books was the Bible, and as time passed, more forms of literature such as poetry and illuminated manuscripts were created. Christianity, like Judaism and Islam, is a written religion. The Bible is regarded as a sacred text for Christianity containing the revealed truth of G-d. The most important part of early monastic life was the preservation, reading, and copying of these texts. The connected to and interested in all types of literature. UpRead MoreThe And The Sacrifice Of Isaac By Peter Paul1107 Words   |  5 PagesA painting is a scene, frozen in time. Artists can bring them to life. Catching the emotions of whatever is depicted. The bible is full of memorable scenes, with thousands of years of art to capture the intensity of the stories. My Journey to The Sacrifice of Isaac by Peter Paul Rubens begin when I saw a painting at the Nelson Atkins Museum of Art almost six years ago in a grand room, with tens of other paintings and high, echoing ceilings. I stood in front of a massive, Renaissance-era piece. WithoutRead MoreThe Assassination Of Jfk, By Kill A Mockingbird, And The Bible954 Words   |  4 Pagesand books have been changing the world since the early 1900s. They change the way people think, feel, and see the world. There are many films and books worth the read and the watch; the assassination of JFK, To kill a Mockingbird, and The Bible are three of the most impactful and insightful books/movies, because they bring up powerful meanings that helped the world. JFK, many people saw this film, but the reviews were not tasteful. The writer of the film received a plethora amount of death threatsRead MoreEssay on The Documentary Hypothesis: Past and Present1333 Words   |  6 PagesThe subject of this paper has at least five names. Documentary Hypothesis and JEDP Theory are the most common. In this paper, this scholarly position will always be referred to as Documentary Hypothesis with a few exceptions. Documentary Hypothesis, or JEDP Theory, is the view held by various scholars that the five books of the Pentateuch were really written by four different authors, and not Moses. This theory claims that afterwards various editors (called Redactors) blended the five books togetherRead MoreQuestions For The Group Discussion970 Words   |  4 Pages Two Questions for the group discussion: â€Å"Inside a church, a pastor has flipped a verse of the bible to accommodate polygamy. Consulted by a business millionaire, the pastor ransacked the bible and finally arrived at a verse to support the holy matrimony. Quoting Isaiah 4:1 the pastor joined the notable influential member with three women†. Does the text Isaiah 4:1 justify the polygamous wedding? During the discussion, which follows the presentation, the group was amazed at the shocking photo

Thailand and Hong Kong Religious Differences free essay sample

Compare the religion in Thai and Hong Kong Introduction Religion is a way to review the cultural system of a country, it relates humanity to spirituality. Hong Kong and Thailand have a distinct history background, which interpret the big difference in daily cultural practices. This essay aims to provide a brief introduction of the religion in Thailand and Hong Kong and compares their differences and similarities. It will start from the history background and general information to the details of religious activities. General In Hong Kong, people are protected by the Basic Law, they have the religious freedom. There is a wide variety of religious groups such as Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Islam and so on. With 150 years of rule as a separate British colony, although most Hong Kong people are ethnically Chinese, Hong Kong has a unique local identity. Elements of traditional Chinese culture combining western in? uences have shaped Hong Kong as a city with mixed culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Thailand and Hong Kong Religious Differences or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Apart from the Chinese and British cultural in? uences, Hong Kong is a free trade port with people from different countries staying there which have a large variety of religion beliefs and ways of thought. According to a Gullup poll in 2010, 64% of Hong Kong residents are either agnostic or indifferent towards religion. Buddhism and Taoism are the major religious with more than 1 million Buddhists and about 1 million Taoists. The second large religious group is Christianity, it has been in Hong Kong since 1841. There are about 843,000 Christians in Hong Kong, most of them are Protestant or Roman Catholic. Temples and churches are omnipresent and ubiquitous on the streets, few of them have been there for more than 700 years ago. Although Hong Kong is literally no religion background, there are some public holidays related to religious festivals such as Christmas, Easter and Buddha’s Birthday. Adherents hold special celebration or ceremonies on these occasions. Those major religious bodies have established schools, hospitals and provides social welfare facilities. Theomania is rare in Hong Kong, religion con? ict has never occurred so far. In Thailand, Buddhism has long been it national religion, about 95% of Thais are Buddhists of the Theravada tradition. In fact, there is no of? ial state religion in the Thai constitution, people are guaranteed to have religious freedom. However, Buddhism has spread widely in Thailand since 3rd century BC, it led the Buddha’s teachings becoming very famous. There is no of? cial state religion in the Thai constitution, which guarantees religious freedom for all Thai citizens, though the king is required by law to be Buddhist. According to the last census (2000) 94. 6% of Thais are Buddhists of the Theravada tradition. Muslims are the second largest religious group in Thailand at 4. 6%. There are more than 600 temples in the HKSAR. [5] The history of some of these temples can be traced back to more than 700 years ago, while some others have been built in recent years. Notable temples include the Wong Tai Sin Temple located in the Wong Tai Sin District in Kowloon. This popular temple is dedicated to the Taoist deity, Wong Tai Sin. Besides that, the Chi Lin Nunnery in Diamond Hill is a group of temple structures in the Tang Dynastys architectural style. It is now open to the public following the completion of its redevelopment in 2000.

The Evolution Of The American Television Family Essays - Roseanne

The Evolution Of The American Television Family Television is not just a form of entertainment, but it is an excellent form of study of society's view concerning its families. This study focuses on the history of television beginning in the early 1950s and will run through present day. It examines the use of racial, ethnic and sexual stereotypes to characterize the players of these shows. The examples assist in tracing what has happened to the depiction of the American family on prime time television. It reveals the change of the standards employed by network television as disclosed to the American public. Finally, I will propose the question of which is the influential entity, television or the viewing audience. The Goldbergs, which was originally a radio show, became the first popular family series. It became a weekly TV series in 1949, revealing to Americans a working class Jewish family who resided in a small apartment in the Bronx. The show, while warm and humorous, confronted delicate social issues, such as sensitivity due to the Second World War. It is an excellent example of an ethnic family's status in society. A classic among classics, I Love Lucy appeared on television on October 15, 1951, (http://www.nick-at-nite.com/tvretro/shows/ilovelucy/index.tin). The series' premise focused on the antics of a nonsensical wife who beguiles her easily angered husband. The series created the men-versus-women standard on television, (such as what we see between Dan and Roseanne on Roseanne today), that still predominates today. One circumstance that led TV executives to seriously challenge the show's impending success was the use of Lucille Ball's real-life Cuban husband, Desi Arnaz. The ?mixed-marriage? status was a questionable concept that worried the administrators. The situation prevailed; its episodes routinely attracted over two-thirds of the television audience. Leave it to Beaver, the definitive 1950's household comedy, focused on life through the eyes of an adolescent boy, Beaver. Beaver was a typically disorderly youngster. His brother Wally, just entering his teens, was beginning to discover the opposite sex. The relationship that existed between the boys and their parents, Ward and June, was impeccable. A situation never developed that damaged the kinship beyond restoration. The parents exhibited perfect attributes that no real man and wife could attain. The children bestowed unnatural virtues. The program became popular with Americans but it did not realistically portray America's family status. In 1974, a series developed by Garry Marshal entitled Happy Days issued popularity to this era. The Cunningham family was the primary family featured on the program. The view of the American family modified little when the sixties arrived. Leave it to Beaver dominated television through 1963. In 1961, the ?Dick Van Dyke Show? aided in reinforcing the flawless family image. Some viewers thought Rob and Laura Petire were visibly similar to the first family, John and Jackie Kennedy. The highly successful series Bewitched further developed the perception of an immaculate suburbia. The identical condition developed by the Ward and Petire families was operative in the Stephens family. Each television household featured a working father, affectionate mother, and attentive children. Each family was a middle-class family and all financially secure. They each resided in secure households, which were in carefree urban areas. The morality displayed between the parents was commendable and sacred. The finest depiction of the American family living in the 1960s came twenty years later. The Wonder Years, which debuted on January 31, 1988, exhibited the best portraiture of a middle-class family in distinction to the 1960s. The Arnold family featured a struggling urban household. The parents were both conventional and, in the case of the father, emotionally distant. Kevin's, the teen-aged hero, growing pains mirrored those of America itself. The end of the 1960s witnessed a drastic altercation in America's culture. Television's reflection of society had begun to mature. A solitary bed replaced the twin beds customarily utilized in the depiction of bedrooms. The relationship shared between parents and their children possessed increased difficulty. ?The Brady Bunch? challenged the accepted family structure as it pertained to television. Televisions first ?blended family? was introduced. The program contested certain typical regulations while practicing others. The face of television changed forever in the fall of 1971. Norman Lear's All in the Family brought a sense of harsh reality to television

5 Strategies to Prepare for the ISEE and SSAT

5 Strategies to Prepare for the ISEE and SSAT If you are thinking of applying to a private school in the fall, its never too early to get started addressing items on the admissions checklist.  For example, in addition to beginning work on the application and the candidate’s and parents’ statements, the applicant can study for the ISEE or SSAT, which are the required admissions tests at most private schools for students in grades 5-12. While the scores on these tests will likely not, in and of themselves, make or break a candidate’s application, they are an important part of the application portfolio, along with the applicant’s grades, statement, and teachers’ recommendations. Check out this article for  more information about how the SSAT and ISEE are scored. Taking the test doesnt have to be a nightmare, and doesnt require expensive tutoring or prep sessions. Check out these simple ways in which you can best prepare for the ISEE or SSAT and for the work that lies ahead in private middle and high school: Tip #1: Take Timed Practice Tests The best strategy to prepare for test day is to take practice tests- whether you are taking the ISEE or SSAT (the schools you are applying to will let you know which test they prefer)- under timed conditions. By taking these tests, you will know which areas you need to work on, and you will feel more comfortable taking the tests when it counts.  It also can help you get more accustomed to what is expected and the strategies you need to really excel, like how much a wrong answer might affect your score and what you can do about it.  Here is an article with some strategies to prepare for the tests. Tip #2: Read as Much as You Can In addition to broadening your horizons, independent reading of high-quality books is the best preparation not only for the ISEE and SSAT but also for the complicated reading and writing that most college-preparatory private schools demand. Reading builds your understanding of the nuances of difficult texts and your vocabulary. If you are unsure about where to start, begin with the 10 most commonly read books in private high schools. While it’s not necessary to have read this whole list before applying to a private high school, reading a few of these titles will expand your mind and vocabulary and acquaint you with the kind of reading- and thinking- that lie ahead of you. By the way, it’s fine to read contemporary novels, but try to tackle a few of the classics as well. These are books that have withstood the test of time because they have broad appeal and are still relevant to today’s readers. Tip #3: Build Your Vocabulary as You Read The key to building your vocabulary, which will help you on the ISEE and SSAT and with reading, is to look up unfamiliar vocabulary words as you read. Try to use common word roots, such as â€Å"geo† for â€Å"earth† or â€Å"biblio† for â€Å"book† to expand your vocabulary more quickly. If you recognize these roots in words, you will be able to define words you didn’t realize that you knew. Some people suggest taking a quick crash course in Latin to better understand most root words.   Tip #4: Work on Remembering What you Read If you find that you are unable to remember what you read, you may not be reading at the right time. Try to avoid reading when you are tired or distracted. Avoid dimly lit or loud areas when trying to read. Try to pick the right time to read- when your concentration is at a maximum point- and try to mark up your text. Use a post-it note or highlighter to mark key passages, moments in the plot, or characters. Some students will also find it helpful to take notes on what theyve read, so they can go back and refer to key points later on.   Here are more tips about how to improve your recall of what you read. Tip #5: Don’t Save Your Studying until the Last Minute Its important to note that studying shouldnt be a once and done thing when it comes to preparing for your test. Get to know the sections of the test well in advance, and practice. Take online practice tests, write essays regularly, and find out where you need the most help. Waiting until the week before the ISEE or SSAT test date isnt going to give you any sort of benefit when it comes to excelling. Remember, if you wait until the last minute, you won’t be able to discover and improve your weaker areas.   Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 48

Marketing - Essay Example Further, the retail store provides incentives coupons on its website periodically that can be used only in-store, thus prompting the online consumers to visit the bricks-and-mortar retail stores. The household catalog strongly iterates the availability of products online, providing promotional codes in the catalog that can be used online. The promotional function integrates all of the marketing messages so that customers find consistency in how the business is positioned against competition stemming from its different marketing channels. JCPenney positions on price and affordability against its competition, and the majority of integrated promotions for all three channels focus on pricing differentiation. It could confuse the brand concept if the business used multiple promotional strategies. Promotions are not different in-store, in the catalog, or online since the company maintains a very wide target demographic. Because the business carries products relevant to many different lifestyles and age groups, it must adopt a mass market promotional strategy rather than limiting the business to niche marketing or market

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 23

History - Essay Example According to Turner, Americans derived their unique character from the constant need to face this great frontier and conquer its wildness. This provided Americans with specific traits such as individualism as they battled the wilderness alone, nationalism as they claimed new territories for their country, mobility as they continued to push their boundaries and egalitarianism as they discovered that each man, fighting for a means of making a living, was equal to all other men as they are all engaged in the same activity and should be given the same opportunity (Flagg, 1997). In many respects, Turner had a good point. Americans were constantly coming up against a frontier boundary behind which the world was still savage and wild. In order to make this land hospitable, it was necessary for individual spirits, knowing they would not have the backing of a large community or governmental army behind them, to go out and conquer this wilderness and bring it into order for the ‘proper’ settlement of civilized folk. That there was a frontier at all presented a constant challenge to all Americans that success could be had for the taking if one was willing to fight hard enough for it. At the same time, there seemed to be no limit to this expanse of wild areas to be conquered, giving Americans the impression that it was open to any and all who would come. However, as Wibe (2007) explains, this theory discounted to an obscene degree the role of the ‘savages’ who already lived in this wild and untamed land. Rather than simply being open and available for the taking, much of this land already belonged to another people, people who often had treaties with the very government Americans envisioned themselves as fighting for. There is no account for the lack of shame Americans should have taken at desecrating a land belonging to others, no indication of the moral destruction caused by the near

Jungian archetypes in today’s global society Essay Example for Free

Jungian archetypes in today’s global society Essay This essay presents Jungian â€Å"archetypes† derived from the theoretical formulations of Carl Gustav Jung aimed at understanding their impacts in today’s global society. This essay also presents a list of individuals noted for their contributions for changing the image of the world totally different from those of the Medieval Period’s and from these thoughts one can imagine the prospects of the future. This essay concludes with the citation of some present-day personalities, technologies, and significant events as objects of Jung’s archetypes. Jung’s theory of personality has tremendous influence on sociology—â€Å"the science of society, social institutions, and social relationships [or] specifically the systematic study of the development, structure, interaction, and collective behavior of organized groups of human beings† (Merriam-Webster 2004). In order to appreciate the impact of the personality theory of Jung in sociological settings, it is necessary to mention key components of the theoretical constructs foremost of which is the â€Å"collective unconscious†Ã¢â‚¬â€in which Jungian archetypes reside. The â€Å"Ego† is the â€Å"conscious mind†Ã¢â‚¬â€it is the seat of â€Å"perceptions, memories, thoughts, and feelings †¦ from the viewpoint of an individual person it is regarded as the center of consciousness,† write Hall Lindsey (118). The â€Å"Personal Unconscious† is the â€Å"region adjoining the ego †¦ consists of experiences that were once conscious but which have been repressed, suppressed, forgotten, or ignored† (118). Under the â€Å"Personal Unconscious† are various â€Å"complexes†Ã¢â‚¬â€the organized group or constellation of feelings, thoughts, perceptions, and memories; that have mental life of their own and have the capacity to seize the personality and to utilize for its end, like â€Å"Napoleon’s lust for power† (118). The â€Å"Collective Unconscious†Ã¢â‚¬â€considered as the â€Å"storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from one’s ancestral past, a past that includes not only the racial history of humans as a separate species but their prehuman or animal ancestry as well †¦ [It is] the psychic residue of human evolutionary development, a residue that accumulates as a consequence of repeated experiences over many generations. † If we humans today are afraid, for example, of the dark or of snakes, it is because our primitive parents â€Å"encountered many dangers in the dark and were victims of poisonous snakes,† write Hall and Lindzey (118). And â€Å"what a person learns is substantially influenced by the collective unconscious that exercises a guiding or selective influence over the behavior of the person from the very beginning of life. † Furthermore, the â€Å"two unconscious regions of the mind, the personal and the collective, can be of immense service to humans †¦ the unconscious holds possibilities which are locked away from the conscious mind, for it has its disposal all subliminal contents, all those things which have been forgotten or overlooked, as well as the wisdom and experience of uncounted centuries, which are laid down in its archetypal organs† (119-120). The â€Å"structural components of the collective unconscious are called by various names: archetypes †¦ primordial images †¦ mythological images, and behavior patterns† quotes Hall and Lindzey of Jung (1943). â€Å"An archetype is a universal thought (idea) form that contains a large element of emotion† (Hall and Lindzey 120). An example is the â€Å"mother archetype†Ã¢â‚¬â€an image or a perception of an individual recognized by an infant irregardless of race anywhere in the world. How can this happen? â€Å"It is a permanent deposit in the mind of an experience that has been constantly repeated for many generations. † (Hall and Lindzey 121). Another example is an image of the â€Å"sun† which has been seen by all inhabitants of the world (except the blinds) rose in the east and set on the west horizons—so that â€Å"certain concepts and images of a supreme deity are off-shoots of the sun archetype† (121). â€Å"In a similar manner, humans have been exposed through their existence to innumerable instances of great natural forces—earthquakes, waterfalls, floods, hurricanes, lightning, forest fires †¦ Out of these experiences there has developed an archetype of energy† (121). On the other hand, two or more archetypes sometimes fuse together so that one can see the person of a â€Å"Hitler† as a form of fused archetypes of â€Å"demon and hero †¦ so that one gets a satanic leader. † Furthermore, â€Å"[m]yths, dreams, visions, rituals, neurotic and psychotic symptoms, and works of art contain a great deal of archetypal material, and constitute the best source of knowledge regarding archetypes,† write Hall and Lindzey (122-123). Jung identified four key archetypes in his personality theory—they are briefly described here, namely: The â€Å"Persona†Ã¢â‚¬â€is a â€Å"mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition and to his or her own inner archetypal needs,† quote Hall and Lindzey of Jung (1945). This persona is the â€Å"role assigned to one by society, the part that society expects one to play in life. The purpose of the mask is to make a definite impression upon others and it often †¦ conceals the real nature of the person. The persona is the public personality †¦ contrasted with private personality that exists behind the social facade† (Hall and Lindzey 122). The person archetype â€Å"originates out of the experiences of the race; in this case, the experiences consist of social interactions in which the assumption of a social role has served a useful purpose to humans throughout their history as social animals† (122). The â€Å"Anima and the Animus†Ã¢â‚¬â€it is â€Å"fairly well recognized and accepted that a human is a bisexual animal. On a physiological level, the male secretes both male and female sex hormones, as does the female. On the psychological level, masculine and feminine characteristics are found in both sexes†¦. The feminine archetype in man is called the anima, the masculine archetype in woman is called the animus,† quote Hall and Lindzey of Jung (1945, 1954b). These archetypes are the â€Å"products of the racial experiences of man with woman and woman with man †¦ by living with woman throughout the ages man has become feminized; by living with man woman has become masculinized† (122-123). The â€Å"Shadow† archetype consists of the animal instincts that humans inherited in their evolution from lower forms of life, cites Hall and Lindzey of Jung (1948a). Consequently, the shadow †¦ typifies the animal side of human nature. As an archetype, â€Å"the shadow is responsible for our conception of original sin; when it is projected outward it becomes the devil and an enemy†¦. [It is] responsible for the appearance in consciousness and behavior of unpleasant and socially reprehensible thoughts, feelings and actions. These then may either be hidden from public view by the persona or repressed into the personal unconscious† (Hall and Lindzey 123). The â€Å"Self† archetype â€Å"expresses itself in various symbols, the chief one being the mandala or magic circle,† writes Jung (1955a). The self according to Jung is the total unity of all the systems that make up the personality. The self â€Å"holds these systems together and provides the personality with unity, equilibrium, and stability. † The self is â€Å"life’s goal, a goal that people constantly strive for but rarely reach †¦ it motivates human behavior and causes one to search for wholeness especially through the avenues provided by religion,† and it is here where the â€Å"figures of Christ and Buddha are as highly differentiated expressions of the self archetype as one will find in the modern world,† write Hall Lindzey (124). The foregoing presented an overview of the key Jungian archetypes. Hall and Lindzey write that the â€Å"most salient feature of Jung’s theory of personality †¦ is the emphasis that he places upon the forward-going character of personality development †¦ [that] humans are constantly progressing or attempting to progress from a less complete stage of development to a more complete one †¦ [and] that mankind as a species is constantly evolving more differentiated forms of existence† (134). Table 1 shows the Table of Contents of a special edition of the Reader’s Digest magazine capturing the significant contributions of popular and important persons the world has ever produced so far. Each one of the persons mentioned walked in the alleys of human endeavors leaving a legacy that benefited many generations to come after theirs including today’s generation. Table 1. Table of Contents of a Pocket Book on â€Å"popular and important subjects. † Adapt from Reader’s Digest (n. d. ) I. Giants of the World of Science—Copernicus: The man who moved the World (pp. 3-8); Galileo—Bold Discoverer (pp.9-14); Sir Isaac Newton, Explorer of the Universe (pp. 15-20); The Evolution of Charles Darwin (pp. 21-28); Albert Einstein, the man, and the Theory (pp. 29-33). II. They Opened Our Minds—Socrates: A One-Man Turning Point in History (pp. 37-42); What Plato Says to Us (pp. 43-48); Aristotle: Master Mind of 300 B. C. (pp. 49-52); Listen to Wisdom of Confucius (pp. 53-56); William James and the Adventure of Being Human (pp. 57-66); Emerson’s vital Message for Today (pp. 67-74). III. They Sought the True Way—The Man Called Jesus (pp. 77-82); Saint Paul – Apostle to All Men (pp. 83-88); Islam: the Misunderstood Religion (pp.89-98); Buddha, â€Å"The Enlightened One† (pp. 99-104). IV. They Fought for Democracy—Thomas Jefferson, Architect of Democracy (pp. 107-112); The Prodigious Gifts of Benjamin Franklin (pp. 113-118); Woodrow Wilson’s fight for Peace (pp. 119-124); â€Å"We Must Never Deny Our Gratitude†: A Portrait of Winston Churchill (pp. 125-130). V. They Opened the Door—Columbus: He Knew the World Was Round (pp. 133-140); Westward – With Lewis and Clark (pp. 141-148); And Then Came Ford (pp. 149-158); Alexander Graham Bell: The Man Who Tied the World Together (pp. 159-164). VI. Apostle of Human Rights—Abraham Lincoln’s Hardest Decision (pp.167-172); Mr. Thoreau of Walden Pond (pp. 173-180); Gandhi: Apostle of Non-Violence (pp. 181-188). VII. Giants of the Arts—Leonardo da Vinci: The Firs Modern (pp. 191-198); Delacroix: He Opened the Door to Modern Art (pp. 199-202); Pablo Picasso, Artist of the Century (pp. 203-208); Beethoven the Incredible (pp. 209-214); Frederic Chopin: Poet of the Piano (pp. 215-218); Mozart, Music’s Wonder Child (pp. 219-224). VIII. They Took Us Into the Future—The Day the Atomic Age Was Born (pp. 227-232); We Tamed Penicillin (pp. 233-238); With Ranger VII-To the Moon (pp. 239-245). What is the goal of human development? Toward what end are humans and mankind striving? Hall and Lindzey’s answer to these questions is this: the â€Å"ultimate goal is summed up by the term self-realization. Self-realization means the fullest, most complete differentiation and harmonious blending of all aspects of a human’s total personality. † To this end, there is one significant thing that appears to be consistent in all human history—this is what Hall and Lindzey write as â€Å"progress† which â€Å"did not stop with the creation of humans; just as humans represent an advancement over all other species of animals, so does civilized man represent an improvement over primitive man† (134). Meanwhile, Koontz, O’Donnell, and Heinz Weihrich, write â€Å"Every group of people that performs near its total capability has some person as its head who is skilled in the art of leadership [with] †¦ at least three major ingredients—the ability to comprehend that human beings have differing motivating forces at varying times and in different situations, the ability to inspire, and the ability to act in a way that will develop a climate for responding to an arousing motivations† (663). Who are the prime persons and entities in the 1990’s and in the current decade that could have influenced the direction of the world affairs in today’s â€Å"global society†? I have a few names to mention before ending this essay: the introduction of the â€Å"internet† in the early 1990’s that almost shattered the communication barriers overnight with Bill Gates’s Microsoft Internet Explorer; George W. Bush, Sr. and the first Gulf War in the Middle East that reinforced the resentment of the Muslim world against Christendom and in particular the United States; Osama Bin Landen and the 9/11 terrorism; George W. Bush, Jr. and Weapons of Mass Destruction with Iraq War; astronomy and the Hubble Space Telescope that captured close-up photos of far-flung universes never before seen (Voit); and the twin rovers that traversed the Martian face with Intel’s microprocessors as enablers of nanotechnology. These never-ceasing human endeavors reflect Jung’s archetypal descriptions present in all human undertakings in any given society around the world. References Hall, Calvin S. , and Gardner Lindzey. Theories of Personality. 3rd Ed.. New York, NY: Wiley, 1978. Koontz, Harold, Cyril O’Donnell, and Heinz Weihrich. Management. 7th ed. Tokyo, Japan: McGraw, 1980. They Changed Our World. Editors of Reader’s Digest. USA: Berkely, (n. d. ). Voit, Mark. Hubble space telescope: new views of the universe. Ed. Himmel, Eric. New York, NY: Abrams.

Planet of the Apes Essay -- essays research papers

Planet of the Apes When Planet of the Apes opened in theaters, few people knew what to expect. To most, the idea of a movie with the premise of a planet full of intelligent apes went against everything they had been taught. The initial attraction was the superb cast, spearheaded by Charlton Heston who portrays Taylor, an astronaut who crashes onto the planet. Heston was joined by many popular actors and actress such as, Roddy McDowell as Cornelius, Maurice Evans as Dr. Zaius and Kim Hunter as Zira. Though the cast may have been the initial draw, the content is what has made the movie Planet of the Apes a classic that will continue to be enjoyed for generations to come. The movie Planet of the Apes deals with a great number of issues that come up in everyday societal life. If one looks closely at the story, it is very easy to realize that Planet of the Apes is not at all about apes, but truly about mankind. It is a story about the human condition, and the way humans interact with their natural environment. It is a story about the dangers of religion, and even more powerfully a warning about the dangers of a politically active church. Planet of the Apes is a political allegory. From the beginning to the end of the film, the viewer is shown a picture of a world ruled by a heavy handed government, and led by apes that represent the church and state alike. The main character that is an example of this is Dr. Zaius, â€Å"Chief Prosecutor and Defender of the Faith,† who rules both nat... Planet of the Apes Essay -- essays research papers Planet of the Apes When Planet of the Apes opened in theaters, few people knew what to expect. To most, the idea of a movie with the premise of a planet full of intelligent apes went against everything they had been taught. The initial attraction was the superb cast, spearheaded by Charlton Heston who portrays Taylor, an astronaut who crashes onto the planet. Heston was joined by many popular actors and actress such as, Roddy McDowell as Cornelius, Maurice Evans as Dr. Zaius and Kim Hunter as Zira. Though the cast may have been the initial draw, the content is what has made the movie Planet of the Apes a classic that will continue to be enjoyed for generations to come. The movie Planet of the Apes deals with a great number of issues that come up in everyday societal life. If one looks closely at the story, it is very easy to realize that Planet of the Apes is not at all about apes, but truly about mankind. It is a story about the human condition, and the way humans interact with their natural environment. It is a story about the dangers of religion, and even more powerfully a warning about the dangers of a politically active church. Planet of the Apes is a political allegory. From the beginning to the end of the film, the viewer is shown a picture of a world ruled by a heavy handed government, and led by apes that represent the church and state alike. The main character that is an example of this is Dr. Zaius, â€Å"Chief Prosecutor and Defender of the Faith,† who rules both nat...

RR communications

Due to the division among departments, the company has been unable o meet reporting requirements for the Serbians Solely Act. It has proved obvious that a shared IT service, which is standardized among all the units, is needed to ensure everything goes well. The first problem we see at OR Communications is that there is a definite lack of centralized and concise IT governance. Currently all of the separate functions of the company have their own individual leadership with no central leadership. For this reason, each of the sections takes actions and makes decisions based only on how it affects their own particular departments.There Is no ordination to ensure that the act of one area does not negatively affect the rest of the firm. This In turn has led to a gallants lack of uniformity across the organization, which Is hurting customer relations. There are unified databases and each section maintains their own set of records; this is causing great frustration among their customers who continually have issues when dealing with more than one area. Much of the division of departments has been caused by a lack of central leadership.The CEO of the firm has failed to unify the department or assert any intro over the individual IT vice presidents. Even though they reported to him, each had acted entirely independently. This continuous failure of leadership has caused the department heads to develop a sense of isolation and self-survival. Even though a new executive UP of IT has been appointed to bring unity to the firm, there has been severe resistance as each department feels It will suffer. The lack of centralized management for so long has caused significant discord between the departments that will take considerable effort to overcome.In Dalton, this company attitude has altered down from the VSP to the middle and lower management creating an overall atmosphere that is dangerously disjointed. Even the suggestion of bringing together the database systems and manageme nt has caused a near mutinous uprising and rejection of leadership. The current managerial atmosphere has been around so long, the attitude of individualism has been deeply embedded in the corporate culture. While, individual thinking is useful to foster innovation and creativity, when the entire organization acts to satisfy only its individual requirements, the firm overall will suffer.Unless this attitude can be overcome, any attempt at bringing unity to the company will fall. From the technical standpoint, OR Communications is suffering from a severely fractured information management system. Every section of the company manuals Its own Individual customer databases, which are In Incompatible formats. If a customer manuals relationships with more then one division, they get bills from each individual area. Customer issues often fail to get causing problems with diminished customer satisfaction. In addition, without a centralized database, full customer information and statistics are impractical to elect.In addition to suffering by not being able to collect detailed records, the company is facing regulatory issues by not being able to provide complete information on the company's activities, and significant resources are being wasted to assemble simple reports. Currently management and associates at OR Communications believe that a collective solution is impossible, and any attempt to do so will cause them to suffer. While it may be true that the initial implementation of such a system will require a significant collective effort, the end result will be well worth it.It is also clear that much of the perspective of management is extremely short sided; projects are selected only based on a very narrow and limited benefit view with no regard for their long-term viability. As more and more systems have been patched together to fulfill immediate gaps, the overall collection of programs has become a cumbersome, inefficient, and unmanageable mess. A truly efficien t system would be one that is all-encompassing and communicates across all facets of the organization to deliver a unified and fully integrated information system that can add real value to the firm.One other major issue at OR Communications is the proliferation of rouge projects completed without oversight or regard for how they will affect the firm. In a large company every project should be examined to determine how it could provide value to the organization before being launched. At OR Communication projects are being launched that benefit only select areas and may in fact be causing a significant negative impact to the rest of the firm. The company currently does not have a steering or operating committee to oversee and exert control over these projects.Without any form of centralized control and provenance, these rouge projects will continue to sabotage the effectiveness of the organization. Lack of common information and enterprise IT strategy has caused several problems for the business and the IT departments of OR communications. Customer service has suffered and customer dissatisfaction has grown. Lack of common information has made it difficult for management to monitor the businesses as a whole. Business units are unable to exchange information and remain unaware of the other divisions' work.There is little sense of how the divisions work together to meet the company's overall goals. The accounting problems make it difficult to present shareholders with accurate financial information, and the system is not cost-effective in any case. Furthermore, each division working at individual level to attain its success makes them rigid and unable to adapt to changing requirements; under these circumstances even the implementation of new technology will be extremely difficult. The organization cannot operate efficiently as a whole or at division levels, and the costs are bound to keep increasing.Analysis: As many annoyed customers can probably agree, being tr ansferred from one apartment of the company to another over and over again to resolve a simple issue is one of the main reasons many companies lose customers. This is certainly an issue at OR Communications. The main cause of the problem seems to be the division of system that rewards individual performance over company profit. The fact that the four CICS refuse to work together and resort to sabotaging the efforts of the others, serves to show that they are more interested in their own selfish financial goals.While the president of the company may have been a visionary and brilliant entrepreneur, he lacked the managerial skills to recognize the need to have a unified commission system which would foster participation in a common goal, and thus a common commission which is interdependent on all four business units would be most beneficial to the company. Unifying IT Resources The most important problem for OR Communications to correct is a significant deficiency of successful inform ation management, reflected by the confused state of their customer information databases.Currently customer data is disbursed in separate databases for each section of the company, so that data from one apartment is not available to another. Thus, customers are forced to maintain relationships with multiple departments and receive billing from each. This separation means that valuable information resources are not being effectively utilized, hurting the firm's productivity and efficiency. To improve the state of information capital at OR Communications, a complete overhaul of the current systems will be necessary, from both an IT and business standpoint. Information represents a vital asset to any company.This can be in the form of customer accounts, sales records, research & development, financial statements, etc. However, in order to realize full benefits, the same information must be readily accessible by all individual units, so that the company can leverage it in the most effi cient manner. The first step to correct the issues at OR Communications is to create a unified data architecture that combines all information resources into a central database that is accessible to all sections of the firm. By providing a centralized database clients will be better served by allowing complete access to customer records throughout the company.This will also improve reporting abilities, lower administrative costs, and rattle increase the value of information resources. To achieve the greatest benefit to the company, OR Communications could consolidate its data from multiple silos into a unified enterprise data warehouse (DEW) (Smalls, 2011). This architecture provides multiple benefits including a single location for all information storage reducing the amount of duplicated efforts. This also greatly improves the integrity of data by providing a ‘single version of the truth' (Smalls, 2011).When data is spread throughout multiple databases, invariable some of it will differ. For example, a customer's address may have been changed in one department but not another. These differences can prove costly to a company. A centralized DEW means that only one record should exist for each customer and reduce data discrepancies. Having such a centralized system would also satisfy customer needs in a more efficient manner and would help to cross-sell products, which in turn would result in higher profits and more profit for the company.By allowing customers to have a single point of contact, and sharing information by standardizing software and databases across he organization, information will flow more freely and readily available thus giving the employees the ability to communicate in real time with accurate data and maximizing customer contact to increase profits. Having a decentralized IT function is business units separated, it keeps pertinent information out of reach of other business units, and thus allows missed opportunities to maximize profi t.Also, the lack of communication among the units creates chaos and disorientation in the organization and gives precedence to individual goals above company goals, which in urn will end up hurting the overall enterprise vision and may even spell the end of the enterprise altogether. Finally, having a decentralized IT function creates customer frustration such as in the case of getting several bills for different products. This frustration may cause the company lost customers and lost profits.Information Stewardship & Information Management Policy The difficulty in implementing this solution is the current state of the databases scattered about the firm; many are in incompatible formats, so that significant effort will need to be invested to bring together all of this data into a single, shared IT arrive system accessible to all. In addition, not all data is equally valuable to each unit. Efficiency necessitates allowing employees access to the information that is most pertinent wit hout inundating the various departments with extraneous details.For this reason, whatever IT solution is implemented must be able to adapt dynamically to the storage and retrieval needs of each department. Another challenge to creating a centralized system is the role of information stewardship. Information stewardship involves the ownership and control of information to reduce discrepancies and redundancies. To maintain the consistency and accuracy of data, information stewards need to be appointed. â€Å"Information stewards are businesspeople. They should be responsible for determining the meaning of information ‘chunks' and their business rules and contextual use.They should be responsible for the accuracy, timeliness, consistency, validity, completeness, and redundancy of information† (Mencken & Smith, 2009, p. 76). A serious challenge to the consolidation of data at OR Communication will be consolidating all of the disparate information from around the firm into a single enterprise data warehouse. It is very keel that there will be duplicate information, conflicting records, incompatible data formats, and other inconsistencies that will not lend themselves to easy integration.However, the reduction in duplicate and conflicting information will be vital to the success of OR Communication. Duplicate data means an increase in administrative work and overhead, and conflicting and inconsistent information means the company is not performing at optimum levels. The reduction of duplicate data, or data duplication â€Å"can improve the performance of virtual systems, reduce network traffic and cut the costs associated with data protection. In addition, duplication allows backup data to be replicated more efficiently to other sites for disaster recovery' (Symantec, 2011).Duplication increases the amount of data a corporate network must process, reducing efficiency and increasing costs. Storage costs increase as the same information may be stored and backed up across multiple databases, again wasting resources. Finally, duplication of data significantly increases the amount of labor required to utilize it in any useful manner. Clearly, OR Communication will need a significant amount of data duplication to create a useful, consolidated enterprise data warehouse.To facilitate the proper stewardship of information, an information management policy needs to be created that information management policy will dictate the rules and guidelines for how information is handled, who is responsible for maintaining and updating it, and outline the policies and practices to do so (Mencken & Smith, 2009). To begin to unravel the data mess at OR Communications they should define an encompassing information management policy that will effectively address the issues of what information is retained, who is responsible for updating it, how it is to be maintained, ND who should have access to it.Critical to the success of this policy will be the inv olvement of management from all functional areas of the company. Each should be given the opportunity to contribute to the policy, and each individual needs should be addressed. In addition, the problem with this solution will be gaining acceptance from the different functional areas of the business. There will obviously be conflicts of ideas and differences of opinion in how the policy should be created and enforced. To improve the effectiveness of the policy it needs to be thoroughly enforced from top management down.This means to gain compliance, OR Communications' CEO needs to set the example and pressure all levels of management below to do the same. Another strategy to encourage the support of the divisional presidents for the shared customer service is by creating awareness that the free information flow would be beneficial for all and would simplify business processes, thus allowing then to increase their bottom line, and thus their bonuses. Finding opportunities to demonstr ate small success would help show the support being given to the divisions.To aid in compliance, a large corporate training program would be initiated to ensure the policy is well known by all associates. Gaining compliance by all of the business areas will be the most difficult part of this solution; the ingrained attitude of self-preservation that exists at OR Communication will be difficult to overcome. However, change is not impossible, but only by dedication of management. The initial implementation period will be the most difficult, and if enforcement waivers the policy may fail.Creating Useful Information from Raw Data One characteristic of an enterprise system is ensuring seamless integration of a Meany's information among all divisions, including financial and accounting Markus, M. L. , & Tania, C. (n. D. ). Hence, to achieve a successful enterprise system, a company must have its IT systems centralized to ensure information runs smoothly and is relevant among all divisions , especially the financial and accounting information. Considering the accounting problems brought up at the final meeting, the company obviously needs to implement a centralized IT function.Moreover, it will be far more expensive to have an enterprise system with a decentralized IT function, which is contrary to the aim of achieving an enterprise system. While a centralized information management system will indeed offer benefits at OR Communication, if there is no way to utilize and interpret that data, it is useless; this is analogous to being data rich and information poor. Just because a company has loads of data does not mean that is fully informed. A company such as OR Communication collects vast quantities of data, but having the resources to convert that into useful information can be an extreme challenge.At OR Communication, they are facing a double-sided robber; they have neither a collective data warehouse, nor do they have any effective information management. Once the problem of centralization has been massive amounts of data is using a metadata repository. A metadata repository functions much like the card catalog of a library; while it does not specifically contain the information, it provides an index of what is available, including the relevant points on what it contains, as well as a pointer to locate the information (Moss & Broodier, 2002).This index provides an extremely valuable resource tool to quickly locate pertinent information. In addition, the metadata repository should be designed with the ability to hook into other systems that are developed to provide information to mother systems as necessary. Establishing this framework now will offer increased benefits as more systems are built off the central repository. Addressing Corporate Culture As seen in OR Communications, lack of common information and enterprise IM strategy can cause several problems to the business and the IT department.OR Communications has encountered serious custo mer service problems, due to lack of common information and enterprise strategy. In addition, lack of common information makes it hard for the overall management to monitor the businesses. Business units are unable to exchange information, and none is aware of the other divisions' work. The company is not in a position to strengthen its brand since no divisions work together. To remedy this, a unification of the firm needs to take place from more than Just an IT standpoint.The disjointed nature of the firm's information assets reflects a deeper separation of the personnel at OR Communications. Departments work for their own ends with naught but passing concern for their effects on the company as a whole. This lack of cohesion manifests itself in the behavior of the CICS, divisional managers, and even the employees, and has resulted in the severe fragmentation of corporate culture. The fragmented IT systems are only a symptom of a much larger problem.Before addressing the IT problems at OR Communications, the underlying culture of the business needs to be transformed. This begins at the very top, with the president of the company and the highest leaders; they need to be the first to set the example, and it is clear their current attitudes have set the company on the disastrous course it is on. Removing the CIO team which has hampered the company's efforts at unification up until now was a good step, but serious considerations now need to be taken to prevent things from getting worse.Other associates could easily see firing the Close as a usurping of departmental sovereignty; however, they need to use this as an opportunity to show that the company can be brought together without sacrificing any of their needs. To capitalize on this opportunity the president and vice president should bring together the next level of management into a council of members to set the direction and ultra of the firm in a way that promotes unity and mutual respect.This council should be responsible for creating and fostering an atmosphere that shows the benefits of the firm functioning as one. They need to prove to the management and associates that their departments will have a say in decisions, and their needs will not be overlooked. To improve the odds of acceptance, the council should be selected from leaders that have proven themselves as examples of good leadership and who are respected in the firm.Key to the success of this council will be keeping everyone n equal footing and ensuring that no one area is given preference over another, needs then others, and sometimes priority will need to be given to one area; however, if this behavior is present from the outset they will receive much resistance from the firm, as this will reinforce existing fears. Once a unity of the firm has been established, people will be more flexible to accept changes after they see the benefits. It will be up to the president and vice president as leaders to maintain these policies and be the example.As demonstrated in previous cases, the president as been lax in demonstrating himself as a leader and this could prove damaging to any such plans to unify the firm. Leadership must begin at the top, and the success or failure of a company often reflects the abilities of its leadership. Implementation Challenges The advantages of a shared IT system eliminate some of the above-mentioned problems. A single centralized and standardized IT operating system will enhance quick decisions across all the departments, since all units will be looking at the same data.Furthermore, with a shared service, customers will not have to visit different databases for the same company; rather, all their queries and purchases can be done from one site that will serve them with all that they need from the company. Another advantage will be easy monitoring of the divisional units?their individual performances as well as their contributions to the whole company. Another advantage for the company will be the ability to monitor financial operations, since all operations will be reflected on one database centrally (Maces, 2010).To implement the shared service strategy, it will be important to seek support of the divisional residents, considering they will be in charge of the units, which are the moneymaking branches. Their willingness to participate in the construction of the shared service will benefit the whole company. The first step to the implementation of this strategy will require assurances that it will benefit the whole company far more than the current system that is facing opposition from not only the customers but also other stakeholders such as the suppliers.In turn, since employees' remuneration is awarded on performance, improved performance for the whole firm will be an added advantage. Since the divisional heads are used to being in control, it is important to remind them that having a shared service will not mean the imposition of decisions from above . Rather, the shared service will make the operations of the whole organization work in harmony for the purpose of easy monitoring customer convenience. They should be included as part of the implementation team, so they can offer input on what they may not want to change.For instance, many are worried they will have to do away with specific projects. Ensuring them that these projects will continue after implementation of the shared arrive would increase their support, as would helping them understand that the new, shared system will enhance the harmony and efficiency of whole organization; eventually they will come to see that their roles will remain mostly the same. Another way to improve the odds of success to a centralized data structure is by appointing a team to oversee the maintenance of the data warehouse from an enterprise level.Ideally the members of this team should be comprised of analysts from the important functional areas of the company. This can help gain buy-in from the many due to the fact that the members of this team have already proven 2011). In addition the benefit of incorporating these individuals is that individual departments will feel that they have representation in the new system, and that their interests are protected. This will increase the potential for global acceptance in the program.Another way to increase compliance with the new systems is to implement an incentive program that would drive associates to achieve the best results. Incentive programs drive people to reach specific targets by offering them tangible rewards beyond their current compensation. At OR Communications, an incentive program could be implemented to increase compliance and adoption of a new centralized system. For example, the company could offer monetary bonuses to departments that lower their operating costs using the new system the most.Another more abstract idea would be to have a small bonus program for departments that offer ideas to enhance the pro ductivity of the system. Many of the departments have complained that a shared system would cause them to be overlooked; however, offering this type of inventive would both encourage them to aka enhancements of the system while simultaneously demonstrating that their opinions count. Positive reinforcement, such as an inventive program, help gain the compliance of the workforce in a much more efficient way then punishment or negative reinforcement.There are governance mechanisms and metrics that can be used to encourage the implementation and use of a shared enterprise data system. The governance that needs to be put in place is the alignment of divisional units with the IT department. The metrics must be aligned with transparency to ensure that IT is in congruence with business operations. The governance mechanism should involve all departments focusing on regulatory issues, risk alleviation and opportunity enhancement.The metrics used should be concerned with making divisional data fit into an enterprise system. These metrics will identify areas of weakness and avenues of improvement. To quote an analogy, â€Å"Rome wasn't built in a day;† and it will take significant time and effort to remedy all the problems at OR Communications. Close governance and metrics will aid in any improvement plan. Recommendation: It is evident that OR Communications need an intervention in its customer service enter.The lack of a centralized customer care center is making it hard to provide unified services to customers. More so, a lot of time is wasted by customers who have to be referred to different department for billing. Customers are forced to have several accounts with the company for each division since each division is held with its independent operations including billing (Smith & Mencken, 2007). This makes it hard for customer care provision. Considering consumer service is very crucial for any business, OR Communications need a centralized customer service cent er.A internalized service center will have many benefits to the whole organization such as cost reduction, time saving, good management of customers' data or information, and customer satisfaction. I recommend a centralized customer service center for OR communications for its advantages as predetermined below. The divisional IT service means having separate audits for every division. Having each division with an individual audit is expensive for the company since several auditors will be needed.Eliminating the divisions will save some costs that would otherwise be used for the services of the auditors at every division. With a single it department, data can be fed means reduced time for audits since with divisions audits have to be put together after each department has completed its audit (Smith & Mencken, 2007). Coordination among the auditors will be efficient since information is collected from one point where all information concerning company accounts is stored.Therefore, hav ing a centralized service center will enhance such operations across the whole organization. In addition, with a centralized customer service center as well as IT, it will ensure information is collected at one point making it easy to access information mongering any department from any point within the company without having to refer to the division in charge. Hence, for the auditors, complying with the set Serbians Solely act will be easy since information about customer billing and accounts of the whole firm will be centralized ensuring accuracy.Having the customer service centralized enhances business operations and processes, ensuring best practices such as timely audits are realized. With data consolidated in one central place, information can be exploited to breed new opportunities for the company. When data is at one place for all the divisions, it is easier to have a broader picture concerning how the divisions can create a new opportunities. Exploiting these opportunities Jointly among the divisions is better than going individually.Moreover, security can be more enhanced with a shared service center since monitoring will be done by one entity. This will further reduce costs associated with having each division taking responsibility of storing and maintaining its own data. Considering that OR communications is currently having several software, consolidating information together for the whole company is hard. Smooth flow of information across departments to ensure easy sharing is vital; not only for the whole company, but for divisions too, considering information consolidation is a fundamental instrument for doing business.Consolidating the IT services to one centralized structure will require removing of service center hardware from each division to one central department that will mitigate risks and have a common structural design as well as policies that are easily reviewable for updating. A common security procedure will reduce risks associated with information breech. Through the same procedures ND practices, the company can reduce file systems redundancy within the organization and enhance efficient document retention as well as reduce costs.Another reason to have one service center is to match the technical capacity of the company with its vision. At the current divisional independence, the divisions exploit their own visions that are not in congruence with the organization's vision and mission. Considering the company's vision is to have a consistent brand across all the divisions, it is necessary to have cross-shared services across all divisions to achieve this vision. The vision can be achieved through cross- sales of all the company services to its customers, as opposed to each department having its selling strategy.Having a shared sales service will serve to reduce the costs incurred when divisions do it individually hence creating a better chance for profit across all departments. Having a central service center will ensure that the overall vision of the company is followed since the central service center will be inclined towards the vision of the whole company. This way, each division can have a chance of benefiting form other divisions, hence the company as a whole (Smith & Mencken, 2007). Having a single are outsourcing majority of their operations to other professional companies for reductions of costs.With independent divisions and IT strategies for each individual division, outsourcing will be quite complicated. Having a central service center to oversee all requests will enhance efficiency as well as value. More so, through the consolidation of IT services and information at one common place will reduce security risks associated with outsourcing services. This will further ensure reliability and security of information. A consolidation of information and IT services will enhance cross-services for customers such as billing (Mencken & Smith, 2011).The company divisions at current cir cumstance hold their information secret from each other, making it a competition within the divisions that raise the problem of billing where customers have to be referred to other divisions for other services. With the consolidated information, customers will only need to visit one department from which other information concerning other divisions can be met. This will improve the perception of their whole company as a brand and the standing of the company can be improved as well as customer satisfaction.There is need for the company to realize that in the current world information is one of the drivers of businesses, which all businesses need to survive. Having each division with its own information center reduces the chances of the company improving in the future since the harmonious climate needed among the divisions for this achievement is minimal. Having stipulated the advantages bound to arise or reasons why a central service center should be achieved, it is important to cons ider how OR can be able to implement this recommendation with ease and least resistance from the divisions.This is the first most likely problem to arise during implementation. Hence, the first step should be generating support form all divisions, which has been quite hard up to now especially from the managers who are self centered and concerned with their earnings that depend on their performance. The managers also have a negative attitude towards merging of information and data among the divisions through one central service. A three-point strategy can be used to gain their support. It includes financial strategy, mitigation of risks associated and compliance to regulation.Financial point can emphasize the advantages the shared service is bound to raise, which will for the benefit of all the divisions and organization as a whole. Risk mitigation will arise from security of information through monitoring by one entity in a standardized way, while regulatory will be concerned with abiding to set accounting rules of the Serbians Solely act which the company has been having problems with (Schwartz, 2007). The next step would be to lay out the vision of the company and show why it cannot be achieved with division of operations among the divisions.This will impart some reasoning among the leaders, and support fore all divisions should be ensured. The main aim is to make everybody in the divisions aware of the role they will play and their stake to ensure thee is compliance and acceptance of the strategy to build a one services center (Mencken & Smith, 2011). One of the problems that could arise after implementation of a shared service center is ease of adoption. Some employees who have been used to the old system will require to be trained how to work harmoniously with a single service center. Many will be required to handle more information concerning not only their divisions, but